Factory workers hold the fourth-most dangerous job in Australia, with 18 deaths and 16, 670 serious injuries in 2012 – the highest number of serious injuries of any industry.
The transport and storage industry topped the list of Australia's Top 10 Most Dangerous Jobs, released by one of Australia's biggest comparison websites lifeinsurancefinder.com.au.
There were 65 transport and storage workers who were killed while on the job in one year, which was almost one-third (29 percent) of all workplace fatalities. There were also 8, 450 serious injury compensation claims by workers in this industry in 2012, according to the latest research compiled by lifeinsurancefinder.com.au.
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The agriculture, forestry and fishing was the second most dangerous industry with 53 fatalities and 3, 815 serious injury claims, while construction workers hold the third most dangerous job, killing 30 Australians and wounding 12, 485 for the year.
The most common cause of death was vehicle crashes, with an average of one in three (33 percent) fatalities on the roads across the list of industries.
The biggest causes of death in the manufacturing sector were vehicle crashes, being hit by falling objects and falls from a height.
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Michelle Hutchison, Money Expert at finder.com.au (part of the lifeinsurance finder group), said the list showed that some jobs were more dangerous than expected, and workers should plan for the worst, no matter their profession.
“Many Australian workers have to drive vehicles or lift things as part of their job, and they may not realise how dangerous their work can be, Ms Hutchison said. “The most common serious claim for all industries was muscular stress while lifting, carrying or putting down objects, and the most common fatality was vehicle incidents.
“If you work in any of these industries on the list, you are even more likely to be killed or suffer a serious injury while on the job so you need to take extreme caution while at work and have a worst-case scenario plan in place.”
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Other dangerous jobs that made the list were retail trade; and the professional, scientific and technical services such as engineering, analysts, lawyers, accountants and web development.
3. Construction: Those who build our roads, homes and office buildings put their lives on the line every day, with the third-most dangerous job. There were 30 deaths for the yearand 12, 485 serious injuries. Construction workers were also more likely than any other industry to be killed by hitting stationary objects and their most common cause of death was falling from a height (40 percent of fatalities).
6. Mining: With 2, 670 serious injuries and seven deaths, mining hits the list at number six. The majority (63 percent) of deaths were from being hit by moving objects, and it’s more common for miners to die from this as well as being trapped by machinery, with many workers operating heavy machinery and transferring earth for 12 hours per shift.
International Journal Of Energy Research: Vol 46, No 12
10. Electricity, gas, water and waste services: Driving to and from job sites proved fatal for five workers in the electrical, gas, water and waste industry. There were 530 serious injuries recorded, over one in three (35 percent) of which were from muscle strain, while 15 percent of injuries were from falling over. Working in often confined or high spaces and outdoors, these people are more likely to be killed by animal bites and trapped between object than any other industry on the list.All articles published by are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by , including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https:///openaccess.
Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications.
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In this article, we deal with the problem of Hybrid Energy Harvesting control strategies, while paying attention to their properties and suggesting criteria to assess their suitability for specific energy harvesting techniques, as well as their application in different areas of technology—especially Wireless Sensor Networks and the Internet of Things. Many research works have already been published on the topic of combining resources for Energy Harvesting; nevertheless, a comprehensive review of the control strategies for such systems and a comparison of their most important properties is missing. This is the genesis and the main subject of this article. We have performed a deep research investigation of available resources. We have identified eight different control strategies and defined a set of the most important parameters (including their possible ranges/states) as criteria to be able to compare them. The corresponding sections of this article begin with a general description of the respective strategies and their principles (including generalized schemes), which is followed by specific examples of best practices. The key conclusions of the performed analysis are summarized in a comparison table that allows the readers to make their own conclusions and choices.
Humanity has come a long way from using energy for satisfying its basic needs to securing a high standard of living. We gradually worked our way up from decentralized small individual energy sources to multi-megawatt ones (e.g., the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear power plant in Japan that had declared an output power of almost 8 GW and produced 60.3 TWh of electricity per year). Recently, we have been also witnessing the opposite trend—the decentralization of resources, techniques, and technologies—which leads to the reuse of essentially lost (micro-) energy from our environment. The term Energy Harvesting is now commonly used in this context. The limits of this technology are obvious at first glance: sometimes the energy source is sufficient to satisfy the current needs, while at other times it is not. That is why a very interesting superstructure is considered—i.e., a combination of multiple sources for Energy Harvesting technologies. This opens up a lot of space for managing and combining of different energy sources.
In order to survive, people always needed some kind of energy to be used mainly for heating and cooking. More and more sophisticated forms of energy exploitation led successively to increasing living standards, which, paradoxically, implied higher and higher energy consumption. Over the centuries, mankind has come to the point where relatively cheap energy sources have been almost depleted, and therefore it is necessary to seek alternative ones.
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Of course, it is not possible to “generate” energy, as energy and matter can only be mutually transformed. So, the question is how energy can be transformed from an available form to a required one. For example, the mechanical (potential and/or kinetic) energy of water or wind can be transformed either to the mechanical energy of a millstone, or to another form, e.g., electrical energy. Hereinafter we are going to focus only on the form of energy that can be used to operate electronic devices, i.e., electricity.
Energy harvesting (EH) is usually defined as a process during which the electrical energy needed for the operation of a microdevice is obtained directly from its closest environment so that the considered device does not require an external power supply or frequent replacement of batteries. Such categories typically include wireless sensors, biomedical implants, military monitoring devices, weather stations, etc. Several years ago, we could even observe an attempt to develop a cellphone harvesting energy from radio waves present in the ambient space.
The history of energy harvesting, according to the current definition, begins in 1826, when T. J. Seebeck noticed the formation of an electric current when two metal conductors were connected and their terminals were placed at different temperatures. This discovery was followed E. Becquerel with the photovoltaic effect and M. Faraday with the discovery of electromagnetic induction. The Curie brothers discovered piezoelectricity. All of these inventions play a very important role in future EH technologies. As for the term “harvesting” itself, it first appeared in the literature (in relation to energy) in November 1958 [1].
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The main topic of the article is the use of solar energy to power various appliances, such as radio receivers. In general, in the beginnings of EH, the authors focused mainly on the use of solar energy. This is evidenced by the activities of the authors from the end of the 1980s, when the topic of EH began to appear regularly in specialized publications (see Figure 1).
In the field of EH, especially the topics of vibrations (one of the first appearances in the literature was [2] in 1976)
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